Em Java como ler um arquivo e converter arquivo em string? (5 maneiras diferentes)

Publicados: 2021-11-21
Em Java como ler um arquivo e converter arquivo em string? (5 maneiras diferentes)

Qual é a maneira mais simples de ler um arquivo em String? Você quer ler um arquivo de texto simples em Java? Como você deseja converter um objeto File em um objeto String? Existem várias maneiras de ler um arquivo e convertê-lo em String.

Existem 5 maneiras totais de converter um arquivo de texto inteiro em uma String em Java.

  1. Arquivos.readString()
  2. Files.readAllLines(Paths.get(path), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
  3. FileUtils.readFileToString(novo arquivo(caminho), StandardCharsets.UTF_8); – Dependência de IO do Apache Commons
  4. Arquivos.linhas()
  5. Files.newBufferedReader()

Vamos começar:

  • Certifique-se de adicionar abaixo a dependência do Apache Commons IO.
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       < dependency >
             < groupId > commons - io < / groupId >
             < artifactId > commons - io < / artifactId >
             < version > 2.11.0 < / version >
         < / dependency >
  • Crie a classe CrunchifyConvertFileToString.java.
  • Copie e cole o código abaixo nele.

CrunchifyConvertFileToString.java

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package crunchify . com . java . tutorials ;
 
import org . apache . commons . io . FileUtils ;
 
import java . io . File ;
import java . io . IOException ;
import java . nio . charset . StandardCharsets ;
import java . nio . file . Files ;
import java . nio . file . Paths ;
import java . util . List ;
 
/**
* @author Crunchify.com
* Program: In Java How to Read a File and Convert File to String? (5 different ways)
*/
 
public class CrunchifyConvertFileToString {
     public static void main ( String [ ] args ) {
 
         // Files.readString()
         crunchifyFilesReadString ( ) ;
 
         // Files.readAllLines(Paths.get();
         crunchifyFilesReadAllLines ( ) ;
 
         // FileUtils.readFileToString(new File();
         // Apache Commons IO method
         crunchifyFileUtilsReadFileToString ( ) ;
 
         // Files.lines()
         // Please visit: https://crunchify.me/3CDrP7N
         crunchifyFilesLines ( ) ;
 
         // Files.newBufferedReader()
         // Please visit: https://crunchify.me/3CDrP7N
         crunchifyFilesNewBufferedReader ( ) ;
 
     }
 
 
     /*
    Method-1: Files.readString()
     */
     private static void crunchifyFilesReadString ( ) {
         String crunchifyFilePath = "/Users/app/Downloads/crunchify-file-to-string.txt" ;
 
         try {
             crunchifyLog ( "\n================= Files.readString() =================" ) ;
 
             // Files: This class consists exclusively of static methods that operate on files, directories, or other types of files.
             // Paths: This class consists exclusively of static methods that return a Path by converting a path string or URI.
             // get(): Converts a path string, or a sequence of strings that when joined form a path string, to a Path.
 
             String crunchifyFileData = Files . readString ( Paths . get ( crunchifyFilePath ) ) ;
 
             crunchifyLog ( crunchifyFileData ) ;
 
         } catch ( IOException exception ) {
             exception . printStackTrace ( ) ;
         }
     }
 
     /*
    Simple Logging Utility
     */
     private static void crunchifyLog ( Object crunchifyFileData ) {
 
         System . out . println ( crunchifyFileData ) ;
     }
 
     /*
    Method-2: Files.readAllLines(Paths.get();
     */
     private static void crunchifyFilesReadAllLines ( ) {
 
         crunchifyLog ( "================= Files.readAllLines() =================" ) ;
 
         String crunchifyFilePath = "/Users/app/Downloads/crunchify-file-to-string.txt" ;
 
         try {
 
             // readAllLines(): Read all lines from a file. This method ensures that the file is closed when
             // all bytes have been read or an I/O error, or other runtime exception, is thrown.
             // Bytes from the file are decoded into characters using the specified charset.
 
             // This method recognizes the following as line terminators:
 
             /*  \u000D followed by \u000A, CARRIAGE RETURN followed by LINE FEED
                \u000A, LINE FEED
                \u000D, CARRIAGE RETURN
            */
 
             List < String > crunchifyFileData = Files . readAllLines ( Paths . get ( crunchifyFilePath ) , StandardCharsets . UTF_8 ) ;
 
             crunchifyLog ( crunchifyFileData ) ;
 
         } catch ( IOException exception ) {
             exception . printStackTrace ( ) ;
         }
 
     }
 
     /*
    Method-3: FileUtils.readFileToString(new File();
    Apache Commons IO:  <dependency><groupId>commons-io</groupId><artifactId>commons-io</artifactId><version>2.6</version></dependency>
     */
     private static void crunchifyFileUtilsReadFileToString ( ) {
 
         crunchifyLog ( "\n================= FileUtils.readFileToString() =================" ) ;
 
         String crunchifyFilePath = "/Users/app/Downloads/crunchify-file-to-string.txt" ;
 
         try {
 
             // readFileToString: Reads the contents of a file into a String. The file is always closed.
             String crunchifyFileData = FileUtils . readFileToString ( new File ( crunchifyFilePath ) , StandardCharsets . UTF_8 ) ;
             // UTF_8: Eight-bit UCS Transformation Format.
 
             crunchifyLog ( crunchifyFileData ) ;
         } catch ( IOException exception ) {
             exception . printStackTrace ( ) ;
         }
 
     }
 
     /*
    Method-4: Files.lines()
    */
     private static void crunchifyFilesLines ( ) {
 
         // Please visit: https://crunchify.me/3CDrP7N
     }
 
     /*
    Method-5: Files.newBufferedReader()
    */
     private static void crunchifyFilesNewBufferedReader ( ) {
 
         // Please visit: https://crunchify.me/3CDrP7N
     }
 
}
 

Resultado do console do IntelliJ IDEA:

Basta executar o programa acima como um aplicativo Java, você verá o resultado abaixo.

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================= Files . readString ( ) =================
Five Ways to Read File and Convert it to String : )
 
Files . readString ( )
Files . readAllLines ( Paths . get ( path ) , StandardCharsets . UTF_8 ) ;
FileUtils . readFileToString ( new File ( path ) , StandardCharsets . UTF_8 ) ;
Files . lines ( )
Files . newBufferedReader ( )
 
================= Files . readAllLines ( ) =================
[ Five Ways to Read File and Convert it to String : ) , , Files . readString ( ) , Files . readAllLines ( Paths . get ( path ) , StandardCharsets . UTF_8 ) ; , FileUtils . readFileToString ( new File ( path ) , StandardCharsets . UTF_8 ) ; , Files . lines ( ) , Files . newBufferedReader ( ) ]
 
================= FileUtils . readFileToString ( ) =================
Five Ways to Read File and Convert it to String : )
 
Files . readString ( )
Files . readAllLines ( Paths . get ( path ) , StandardCharsets . UTF_8 ) ;
FileUtils . readFileToString ( new File ( path ) , StandardCharsets . UTF_8 ) ;
Files . lines ( )
Files . newBufferedReader ( )
 
 
Process finished with exit code 0

Deixe-me saber se você enfrentar algum problema ao executar o código acima.

Aqui um tutorial que explica method4 e method-5:

Como ler um arquivo linha por linha usando Java 8 Stream – APIs de utilitário Files.lines() e Files.newBufferedReader()