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  • Apa itu pra_tugas yang mungkin? Bagaimana Cara Memperbarui OS, Menginstal Python, dan Menginstal JRE di Host Jarak Jauh [Linux]?

Apa itu pra_tugas yang mungkin? Bagaimana Cara Memperbarui OS, Menginstal Python, dan Menginstal JRE di Host Jarak Jauh [Linux]?

Diterbitkan: 2019-05-10

Apa itu pra_tugas yang mungkin? Cara Memperbarui OS, Instal Python dan Instal JDK di Host Jarak Jauh

Apa itu pre_tasks di Ansible?

pre_tasks adalah tugas yang dijalankan Ansible sebelum menjalankan tasks apa pun yang disebutkan dalam file .yml .

Pertimbangkan skenario ini. Anda menyediakan instans baru di cloud Amazon EC2 atau Google Cloud . Hal pertama yang perlu Anda lakukan adalah menginstal pembaruan OS. Kemudian instal Python terbaru, Instal Java dan seterusnya.

Setelah semua tugas awal di atas selesai, Anda perlu menyalin aplikasi Anda dan memulai aplikasi tersebut. Sangat wajib untuk menginstal semua binari dasar sebelum Anda menyalin dependensi aplikasi Anda.

Dalam tutorial ini kita akan membahas semua detail tentang cara menjalankan tugas awal menggunakan tag pre_task .

Apa itu pra_tugas yang mungkin? Perbarui OS, Instal Python dan Instal JRE di Host Jarak Jauh?

Kami akan mengikuti skenario di bawah ini dalam tutorial ini:

  1. buat file crunchify-hosts file dan tambahkan IP yang akan kita jalankan pre_task.
  2. buat file crunchify-install-python-java.yml yang merupakan buku pedoman yang memungkinkan.
    • pre_task: instal python-simplejson
    • pre_task: instal python-minimal
    • pre_task: instal pembaruan sistem
    • pre_task: instal JRE terbaru
  3. Dapatkan versi Python
  4. Dapatkan versi Java
  5. Cetak semua hasil debug
  6. jalankan perintah ansible-playbook -i ./crunchify-hosts crunchify-install-python-java.yml yang akan melakukan semua tugas kita

file crunchify-hosts

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[ local ]
localhost ansible_connection = local ansible_python_interpreter = python
 
[ crunchify ]
13.58.187.197
 
[ crunchify : vars ]
ansible_ssh_user = ubuntu
ansible_ssh_private_key_file =/ Users / crunchify / Documents / ansible / crunchify . pem
ansible_python_interpreter =/ usr / bin / python3

Di sini seperti yang Anda lihat, saya menggunakan file crunchify.pem untuk otentikasi tanpa kata sandi. Saya cukup terhubung ke Host saya tanpa Prompt kata sandi.

file crunchify-install-python-java.yml

Kami menggunakan kata kunci register di Ansible untuk mendaftarkan variabel. Ini menyimpan nilai pengembalian tugas raw .

Dengan bantuan debug dan stdout_lines , Anda dapat mencetak hasil pada baris perintah.

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---
- hosts : crunchify
   become : yes
 
   pre_tasks :
     - raw : sudo apt - get - y install python - simplejson
       register : py_simple_output
     - raw : sudo apt - get - y install python - minimal
       register : py_minimal_output
     - raw : sudo apt - get update
       register : system_output
     - raw : sudo apt - get install - y default - jre
       register : java_output
 
   tasks :
  
    - debug :
         var = py_simple_output . stdout_lines
 
    - debug :
         var = py_minimal_output . stdout_lines
 
    - debug :
         var = system_output . stdout_lines
 
    - debug :
         var = java_output . stdout_lines
 
    - name : get Python version
       shell : python -- version 2 > &1
       register : py_output
    
    - debug :
         var = py_output . stdout_lines
      
    - name : get Java version
       shell : java -- version 2 > &1
       register : java_output
    
    - debug :
         var = java_output . stdout_lines

Jalankan perintah:

ansible-playbook -i ./crunchify-hosts crunchify-install-python-java.yml

Keluaran yang Mungkin:

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bash1 . 2 $ ansible - playbook - i . / crunchify - hosts crunchify - install - python - java . yml
 
PLAY [ crunchify ] ***************************************************************************************************************************************************
 
TASK [ Gathering Facts ] *********************************************************************************************************************************************
ok : [ 13.58.187.197 ]
 
TASK [ raw ] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed : [ 13.58.187.197 ]
 
TASK [ raw ] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed : [ 13.58.187.197 ]
 
TASK [ raw ] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed : [ 13.58.187.197 ]
 
TASK [ raw ] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************
changed : [ 13.58.187.197 ]
 
TASK [ debug ] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok : [ 13.58.187.197 ] = > {
     "py_simple_output.stdout_lines" : [
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 100%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... Done" ,
         "" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree... 50%" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree       " ,
         "" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading state information... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading state information... Done" ,
         "" ,
         "python-simplejson is already the newest version (3.13.2-1)." ,
         "0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 76 not upgraded."
     ]
}
 
TASK [ debug ] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok : [ 13.58.187.197 ] = > {
     "py_minimal_output.stdout_lines" : [
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 100%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... Done" ,
         "" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree... 50%" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree       " ,
         "" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading state information... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading state information... Done" ,
         "" ,
         "python-minimal is already the newest version (2.7.15~rc1-1)." ,
         "0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 76 not upgraded."
     ]
}
 
TASK [ debug ] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok : [ 13.58.187.197 ] = > {
     "system_output.stdout_lines" : [
         "" ,
         "0% [Working]" ,
         "            " ,
         "Hit:1 http://us-east-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease" ,
         "" ,
         "0% [Connecting to security.ubuntu.com (91.189.88.162)]" ,
         "                                                      " ,
         "Hit:2 http://us-east-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease" ,
         "" ,
         "                                                      " ,
         "Get:3 http://us-east-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]" ,
         "" ,
         "0% [Connecting to security.ubuntu.com (91.189.88.162)]" ,
         "0% [1 InRelease gpgv 242 kB] [Connecting to security.ubuntu.com (91.189.88.162)" ,
         "                                                                               " ,
         "0% [Connecting to security.ubuntu.com (91.189.88.162)]" ,
         "0% [2 InRelease gpgv 88.7 kB] [Connecting to security.ubuntu.com (91.189.88.162" ,
         "                                                                               " ,
         "0% [Waiting for headers]" ,
         "0% [3 InRelease gpgv 74.6 kB] [Waiting for headers]" ,
         "                                                   " ,
         "Hit:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease" ,
         "" ,
         "                                                   " ,
         "0% [3 InRelease gpgv 74.6 kB]" ,
         "                             " ,
         "0% [Working]" ,
         "0% [4 InRelease gpgv 88.7 kB]" ,
         "                             " ,
         "100% [Working]" ,
         "              " ,
         "Fetched 74.6 kB in 0s (249 kB/s)" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 5%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 8%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 53%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 79%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 99%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... Done" ,
         ""
     ]
}
 
TASK [ debug ] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok : [ 13.58.187.197 ] = > {
     "java_output.stdout_lines" : [
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... 100%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading package lists... Done" ,
         "" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree... 50%" ,
         "" ,
         "Building dependency tree       " ,
         "" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading state information... 0%" ,
         "" ,
         "Reading state information... Done" ,
         "" ,
         "default-jre is already the newest version (2:1.11-68ubuntu1~18.04.1)." ,
         "0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 76 not upgraded."
     ]
}
 
TASK [ get Python version ] ******************************************************************************************************************************************
changed : [ 13.58.187.197 ]
 
TASK [ debug ] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok : [ 13.58.187.197 ] = > {
     "py_output.stdout_lines" : [
         "Python 2.7.15rc1"
     ]
}
 
TASK [ get Java version ] ********************************************************************************************************************************************
changed : [ 13.58.187.197 ]
 
TASK [ debug ] *******************************************************************************************************************************************************
ok : [ 13.58.187.197 ] = > {
     "java_output.stdout_lines" : [
         "openjdk 11.0.2 2019-01-15" ,
         "OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 11.0.2+9-Ubuntu-3ubuntu118.04.3)" ,
         "OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 11.0.2+9-Ubuntu-3ubuntu118.04.3, mixed mode, sharing)"
     ]
}
 
PLAY RECAP * ********************************************************************************************************************************************************
13.58.187.197                : ok = 13    changed = 6      unreachable = 0      failed = 0   

Itu dia.

Seperti yang Anda lihat, dalam tutorial ini kami telah menginstal Python, Java, dan pembaruan sistem pada host jarak jauh. Juga, hasil yang dikembalikan kembali ke jendela terminal mac.

Apa berikutnya?

Coba lihat tutorial tentang Cara menyalin File, Direktori atau Script dari localhost ke Remote host.