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Come inviare un'e-mail utilizzando Java MailAPI con un'immagine grande come allegato

Pubblicato: 2014-03-17

L'API JavaMail fornisce un framework indipendente dalla piattaforma e dal protocollo per creare applicazioni di posta e messaggistica. L'API JavaMail è disponibile come pacchetto opzionale da utilizzare con la piattaforma Java SE ed è inclusa anche nella piattaforma Java EE. La versione JavaMail 1.4.5 contiene diverse correzioni di bug e miglioramenti.

Qualche tempo fa ho scritto un tutorial sull'invio di un'e-mail utilizzando Gmail SMTP (autenticazione TLS), ma senza allegato immagine. Di seguito Java Tutorial ti aiuterà a inviare un'immagine grande con un'e-mail come allegato.

A volte vogliamo allegare un'immagine nell'e-mail e quindi utilizzarla nel corpo dell'e-mail stesso. Devi aver visto così tante e-mail che hanno allegati di immagini e vengono utilizzate anche nel messaggio e-mail. Il trucco consiste nell'allegare il file immagine come qualsiasi altro allegato, quindi impostare l'intestazione Content-ID per il file immagine e quindi utilizzare lo stesso ID contenuto nel corpo del messaggio di posta elettronica con <img src='cid:image_id'> .

Ecco un semplice programma Java:

CrunchifyJavaMailWithImageAttachment.java
Java
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package com . crunchify . tutorials ;
 
import java . io . UnsupportedEncodingException ;
import java . util . Date ;
import java . util . Properties ;
 
import javax . activation . DataHandler ;
import javax . activation . DataSource ;
import javax . activation . FileDataSource ;
import javax . mail . Authenticator ;
import javax . mail . BodyPart ;
import javax . mail . Message ;
import javax . mail . MessagingException ;
import javax . mail . Multipart ;
import javax . mail . PasswordAuthentication ;
import javax . mail . Session ;
import javax . mail . Transport ;
import javax . mail . internet . AddressException ;
import javax . mail . internet . InternetAddress ;
import javax . mail . internet . MimeBodyPart ;
import javax . mail . internet . MimeMessage ;
import javax . mail . internet . MimeMultipart ;
 
/**
* @author Crunchify.com
*
*/
 
public class CrunchifyJavaMailWithImageAttachment {
 
     static Properties mailServerProperties ;
     static Session getMailSession ;
     static MimeMessage msg ;
 
     public static void main ( String args [ ] ) throws AddressException , MessagingException {
 
         System . out . println ( "\n1st ===> setup Mail Server Properties.." ) ;
 
         final String sourceEmail = "<Your Gmail Email ID" ; // requires valid Gmail id
         final String password = "Your Gmail Password" ; // correct password for Gmail id
         final String toEmail = "[email protected]" ; // any destination email id
 
         Properties props = new Properties ( ) ;
         props . put ( "mail.smtp.host" , "smtp.gmail.com" ) ;
         props . put ( "mail.smtp.port" , "587" ) ;
         props . put ( "mail.smtp.auth" , "true" ) ;
         props . put ( "mail.smtp.starttls.enable" , "true" ) ;
 
         System . out
                 . println ( "\n2nd ===> create Authenticator object to pass in Session.getInstance argument.." ) ;
 
         Authenticator authentication = new Authenticator ( ) {
             protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication ( ) {
                 return new PasswordAuthentication ( sourceEmail , password ) ;
             }
         } ;
         Session session = Session . getInstance ( props , authentication ) ;
         generateAndSendEmail (
                 session ,
                 toEmail ,
                 "Crunchify's JavaMail API example with Image Attachment" ,
                 "Greetings, <br><br>Test email by Crunchify.com JavaMail API example. Please find here attached Image."
                        + "<br><br> Regards, <br>Crunchify Admin" ) ;
 
     }
 
     public static void generateAndSendEmail ( Session session , String toEmail , String subject ,
             String body ) {
         try {
             System . out . println ( "\n3rd ===> generateAndSendEmail() starts.." ) ;
 
             MimeMessage crunchifyMessage = new MimeMessage ( session ) ;
             crunchifyMessage . addHeader ( "Content-type" , "text/HTML; charset=UTF-8" ) ;
             crunchifyMessage . addHeader ( "format" , "flowed" ) ;
             crunchifyMessage . addHeader ( "Content-Transfer-Encoding" , "8bit" ) ;
 
             crunchifyMessage . setFrom ( new InternetAddress ( "[email protected]" ,
                     "NoReply-Crunchify" ) ) ;
             crunchifyMessage . setReplyTo ( InternetAddress . parse ( "[email protected]" , false ) ) ;
             crunchifyMessage . setSubject ( subject , "UTF-8" ) ;
             crunchifyMessage . setSentDate ( new Date ( ) ) ;
             crunchifyMessage . setRecipients ( Message . RecipientType . TO ,
                     InternetAddress . parse ( toEmail , false ) ) ;
 
             // Create the message body part
             BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart ( ) ;
             messageBodyPart . setContent ( body , "text/html" ) ;
 
             // Create a multipart message for attachment
             Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart ( ) ;
 
             // Set text message part
             multipart . addBodyPart ( messageBodyPart ) ;
 
             messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart ( ) ;
 
             // Valid file location
             String filename = "/Users/<username>//cdn.crunchify.com/Desktop/JavaMailAPIwithImage-CrunchifyExample.png" ;
             DataSource source = new FileDataSource ( filename ) ;
             messageBodyPart . setDataHandler ( new DataHandler ( source ) ) ;
             messageBodyPart . setFileName ( filename ) ;
             // Trick is to add the content-id header here
             messageBodyPart . setHeader ( "Content-ID" , "image_id" ) ;
             multipart . addBodyPart ( messageBodyPart ) ;
 
             System . out . println ( "\n4th ===> third part for displaying image in the email body.." ) ;
             messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart ( ) ;
             messageBodyPart . setContent ( "<br><h3>Find below attached image</h3>"
                    + "<img src='cid:image_id'>" , "text/html" ) ;
             multipart . addBodyPart ( messageBodyPart ) ;
             crunchifyMessage . setContent ( multipart ) ;
 
             System . out . println ( "\n5th ===> Finally Send message.." ) ;
 
             // Finally Send message
             Transport . send ( crunchifyMessage ) ;
 
             System . out
                     . println ( "\n6th ===> Email Sent Successfully With Image Attachment. Check your email now.." ) ;
             System . out . println ( "\n7th ===> generateAndSendEmail() ends.." ) ;
 
         } catch ( MessagingException e ) {
             e . printStackTrace ( ) ;
         } catch ( UnsupportedEncodingException e ) {
             e . printStackTrace ( ) ;
         }
     }
}

Produzione:

Output
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1st === > setup Mail Server Properties . .
 
2nd === > create Authenticator object to pass in Session . getInstance argument . .
 
3rd === > generateAndSendEmail ( ) starts . .
 
4th === > third part for displaying image in the email body . .
 
5th === > Finally Send message . .
 
6th === > Email Sent Successfully With Image Attachment . Check your email now . .
 
7th === > generateAndSendEmail ( ) ends . .

Schermata di esempio:

JavaMailAPIwithImage - Crunchify Esempio