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Como remover elementos expirados do HashMap e adicionar mais elementos ao mesmo tempo – Java Timer, TimerTask e futures() – Exemplo completo

Publicados: 2021-04-02
Como remover elementos expirados do HashMap e adicionar mais elementos ao mesmo tempo - Java Timer, TimerTask e futures()

Hashmap, ArrayList, Static Map, Vectors, etc são os elementos de framework de coleção Java mais usados. Há um número infinito de cenários que você pode usar isso conforme sua necessidade.

Este exemplo é muito interessante Exemplo Java. Vamos executar a operação abaixo em um único HashMap().

  • Criar objeto crunchifyMap
  • Continue adicionando elementos ao Map a cada segundo com tempo de expiração definido para 5 seconds
  • Check se há elementos expirados como cache a cada segundo e delete from map if expired
  • Após 5 segundos, você obterá always same size e always 5 elements à medida que adiciona e exclui elementos expirados a cada segundo

Além disso, se você tiver below questions então você está no lugar certo:

  • O que é exemplo de mapa de expiração passivo
  • Mapa simultâneo com elemento expirado
  • Exemplo de mapa de cache Java
  • Exemplo Java TimerTask
  • Evictor – um exemplo de mapa simultâneo Java

Vamos começar:

Ponto-1

  • Criar elemento Timer crunchifyTimer
  • Agenda a tarefa especificada CrunchifyReminder() para execução repetida de atraso fixo que é de 1 segundo
  • Na tarefa agendada
    • add elemento no crunchifyMap
    • verifique o elemento expirado do crunchifyMap e exclua

Ponto-2

  • Durante a operação addElement()
    • Estamos associando current time para cada elemento
  • Durante a operação crunchifyClearExipredElementsFromMap()
    • Estamos verificando a hora atual com a hora do elemento
    • Se a diferença de tempo for superior a 5 segundos, basta excluir o elemento do crunchifyMap

Ponto-3

  • Durante a operação de adição e remoção do elemento de impressão no console do Eclipse
  • 1º elemento adicionado será removido 1º e assim por diante
  • Verifique a saída do console do Eclipse para obter o resultado

Aqui está um programa Java:

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package crunchify . com . tutorials ;
 
import java . util . ArrayList ;
import java . util . Date ;
import java . util . HashMap ;
import java . util . Iterator ;
import java . util . Map ;
import java . util . Map . Entry ;
import java . util . Timer ;
import java . util . TimerTask ;
 
/**
* @author Crunchify.com
* <p>
* - Keep adding element to Map every second which has expire time set to 5 seconds
* - Check for expired element every second and delete from map if expired
* - After 5 seconds you will get always same size as you are adding and deleting expired elements every second
*/
 
public class CrunchifyCleanExipredMapElements {
Timer crunchifyTimer ;
private static final long EXPIRED_TIME_IN_SEC = 5L ;
private static final Map < Double , ArrayList < Date > > crunchifyMap = new HashMap < > ( ) ;
public static void main ( String [ ] args ) {
new CrunchifyCleanExipredMapElements ( 1 ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "Start Adding element every second\n\n" ) ;
}
public CrunchifyCleanExipredMapElements ( int seconds ) {
// Timer() - Creates a new timer. The associated thread does not run as a daemon.
crunchifyTimer = new Timer ( ) ;
// Schedules the specified task for repeated fixed-delay execution
// schedule(): Schedules the specified task for repeated fixed-delay execution, beginning after the specified delay.
// Subsequent executions take place at approximately regular intervals separated by the specified period.
// In fixed-delay execution, each execution is scheduled relative to the actual execution time of the previous execution.
// If an execution is delayed for any reason (such as garbage collection or other background activity), subsequent executions will be delayed as well.
// In the long run, the frequency of execution will generally be slightly lower than the reciprocal of the specified period (assuming the system clock underlying Object.wait(long) is accurate).
crunchifyTimer . schedule ( new CrunchifyReminder ( ) , 0 , seconds * 1000L ) ;
}
// TimeTask: A task that can be scheduled for one-time or repeated execution by a Timer.
// A timer task is not reusable. Once a task has been scheduled for execution on a Timer or cancelled,
// subsequent attempts to schedule it for execution will throw IllegalStateException.
class CrunchifyReminder extends TimerTask {
public void run ( ) {
// We are checking for expired element from map every second
crunchifyClearExpiredElementsFromMap ( ) ;
// We are adding element every second
addElement ( ) ;
}
}
public void addElement ( ) {
crunchifyAddElementToMap ( Math . random ( ) ) ;
}
// Check for element's expired time. If element is > 5 seconds old then remove it
private static void crunchifyClearExpiredElementsFromMap ( ) {
// Date() - Allocates a Date object and initializes it so that it represents the time at which it was allocated, measured to the nearest millisecond.
Date currentTime = new Date ( ) ;
Date actualExpiredTime = new Date ( ) ;
// if element time stamp and current time stamp difference is 5 second then delete element
actualExpiredTime . setTime ( currentTime . getTime ( ) - EXPIRED_TIME_IN_SEC * 1000L ) ;
// size() - Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map. If the map contains more than Integer.MAX_VALUE elements, returns Integer.MAX_VALUE.
System . out . println ( "crunchifyMap size:" + CrunchifyCleanExipredMapElements . crunchifyMap . size ( ) ) ;
Iterator < Entry < Double , ArrayList < Date > > > crunchifyIterator = CrunchifyCleanExipredMapElements . crunchifyMap . entrySet ( ) . iterator ( ) ;
// hasNext() - Returns true if the iteration has more elements. (In other words, returns true if next would return an element rather than throwing an exception.)
while ( crunchifyIterator . hasNext ( ) ) {
// next() - Returns the next element in the iteration.
Entry < Double , ArrayList < Date > > entry = crunchifyIterator . next ( ) ;
// getValue() - Returns the value corresponding to this entry.
// If the mapping has been removed from the backing map (by the iterator's remove operation), the results of this call are undefined.
ArrayList < Date > crunchifyElement = entry . getValue ( ) ;
while ( crunchifyElement . size ( ) > 0
&& crunchifyElement.get(0).compareTo(actualExpiredTime) < 0) {
crunchifyLog("----------- Expired Element Deleted: " + entry.getKey());
crunchifyElement . remove ( 0 ) ;
}
if ( crunchifyElement . size ( ) == 0 ) {
// remove() - Removes from the underlying collection the last element returned by this iterator (optional operation).
// This method can be called only once per call to next.
crunchifyIterator . remove ( ) ;
}
}
}
// Adding new element to map with current timestamp
private static void crunchifyAddElementToMap ( Double digit ) {
ArrayList < Date > crunchifyList = new ArrayList < > ( ) ;
CrunchifyCleanExipredMapElements . crunchifyMap . put ( digit , crunchifyList ) ;
// add() - Appends the specified element to the end of this list.
crunchifyList . add ( new Date ( ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "+++++++++++ Add Element:" + digit + "\n" ) ;
}
private static void crunchifyLog ( String string ) {
System . out . println ( string ) ;
}
}
 

Saída do console do Eclipse:

Basta executar o programa acima e você deverá ver o resultado abaixo.

Como remover elementos expirados do HashMap e adicionar mais elementos ao mesmo tempo - Java Timer, TimerTask e futures() - Resultado do Console
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Start Adding element every second
crunchifyMap size : 0
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.6970683199424504
crunchifyMap size : 1
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.8103548990859972
crunchifyMap size : 2
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.849973176897403
crunchifyMap size : 3
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.2770459184269851
crunchifyMap size : 4
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.9136028332849369
crunchifyMap size : 5
----------- Expired Element Deleted : 0.6970683199424504
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.6630362698520832
crunchifyMap size : 5
----------- Expired Element Deleted : 0.8103548990859972
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.38906826918659854
crunchifyMap size : 5
----------- Expired Element Deleted : 0.849973176897403
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.3997935729434138
crunchifyMap size : 5
----------- Expired Element Deleted : 0.2770459184269851
+++++++++++ Add Element : 0.20373441843273887
 
Process finished with exit code 130 ( interrupted by signal 2 : SIGINT )

Deixe-me saber se você enfrentar qualquer problema executando acima do programa Java.