如何使用 Linux 命令而不使用 Eclipse 快捷方式创建可执行的 .jar 文件？
已发表: 2022-01-03
到目前为止，对我来说，在 Eclipse IDE 中右键单击并创建可执行的 .jar 文件非常容易，只需单击几下即可。 上周，我不得不在我的 Digital Ocean 节点上.jar file manually ，我们通常在该节点上托管大量服务。
仅使用命令直接创建 .jar 文件需要一些时间，但最终在 10 分钟后，可执行的 .jar 文件已准备就绪。
如果您有以下任何问题，那么您来对地方了：
- 在 Linux 命令行中创建 jar 文件的最佳方法
- 如何使 jar 文件在 Linux 中可执行？
- 如何在 Linux 中编译 jar 文件？
- 如何使 JAR 文件 Linux 可执行？
- 如何在 Linux 终端中创建和执行 .Jar 文件？
让我们开始吧：
步骤 1) 确保您在 Linux 系统上安装了 Java
如果已安装 Java，则直接转到step-4 。 尝试运行命令javac ，如果您看到以下结果，则主机上没有安装任何 Java。
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root @ localhost : ~ / java / src # javac Command 'javac' not found , but can be installed with : apt install openjdk - 11 - jdk - headless apt install default - jdk apt install openjdk - 8 - jdk - headless apt install ecj |
Step-2) 在 linux 主机上安装 Java
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root @ localhost : ~ / java / src # apt install openjdk-11-jdk-headless Reading package lists . . . Done Building dependency tree Reading state information . . . Done Suggested packages : openjdk - 11 - demo openjdk - 11 - source The following NEW packages will be installed : openjdk - 11 - jdk - headless 0 upgraded , 1 newly installed , 0 to remove and 92 not upgraded . Need to get 217 MB of archives . After this operation , 228 MB of additional disk space will be used . Get : 1 http : //mirrors.linode.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates/main amd64 openjdk-11-jdk-headless amd64 11.0.1+13-3ubuntu3.18.10.1 [217 MB] Fetched 217 MB in 3s ( 70.3 MB / s ) Selecting previously unselected package openjdk - 11 - jdk - headless : amd64 . ( Reading database . . . 107409 files and directories currently installed . ) Preparing to unpack . . . / openjdk - 11 - jdk - headless_11 . 0.1 + 13 - 3ubuntu3.18.10.1_amd64.deb . . . Unpacking openjdk - 11 - jdk - headless : amd64 ( 11.0.1 + 13 - 3ubuntu3.18.10.1 ) . . . Setting up openjdk - 11 - jdk - headless : amd64 ( 11.0.1 + 13 - 3ubuntu3.18.10.1 ) . . . update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jar to provide / usr / bin / jar ( jar ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jarsigner to provide / usr / bin / jarsigner ( jarsigner ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / javac to provide / usr / bin / javac ( javac ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / javadoc to provide / usr / bin / javadoc ( javadoc ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / javap to provide / usr / bin / javap ( javap ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jcmd to provide / usr / bin / jcmd ( jcmd ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jdb to provide / usr / bin / jdb ( jdb ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jdeprscan to provide / usr / bin / jdeprscan ( jdeprscan ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jdeps to provide / usr / bin / jdeps ( jdeps ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jimage to provide / usr / bin / jimage ( jimage ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jinfo to provide / usr / bin / jinfo ( jinfo ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jlink to provide / usr / bin / jlink ( jlink ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jmap to provide / usr / bin / jmap ( jmap ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jmod to provide / usr / bin / jmod ( jmod ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jps to provide / usr / bin / jps ( jps ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jrunscript to provide / usr / bin / jrunscript ( jrunscript ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jshell to provide / usr / bin / jshell ( jshell ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jstack to provide / usr / bin / jstack ( jstack ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jstat to provide / usr / bin / jstat ( jstat ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jstatd to provide / usr / bin / jstatd ( jstatd ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / rmic to provide / usr / bin / rmic ( rmic ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / serialver to provide / usr / bin / serialver ( serialver ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jaotc to provide / usr / bin / jaotc ( jaotc ) in auto mode update - alternatives : using / usr / lib / jvm / java - 11 - openjdk - amd64 / bin / jhsdb to provide / usr / bin / jhsdb ( jhsdb ) in auto mode |
步骤 3) 在 Java 上验证
只需尝试再次运行以下命令，您应该会看到已安装的 java 详细信息。
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root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src / package # which java / usr / bin / java root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src / package # java -version openjdk version "11.0.1" 2018 - 10 - 16 OpenJDK Runtime Environment ( build 11.0.1 + 13 - Ubuntu - 3ubuntu3.18.10.1 ) OpenJDK 64 - Bit Server VM ( build 11.0.1 + 13 - Ubuntu - 3ubuntu3.18.10.1 , mixed mode , sharing ) |
第四步）
以下是创建可执行 .jar 文件所需执行的命令列表。
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root @ localhost : ~ # pwd / root root @ localhost : ~ # mkdir crunchify root @ localhost : ~ # cd crunchify/ root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify # mkdir src root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify # mkdir src/package root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify # cd src/package/ root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src / package # vi Crunchify.java root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src / package # cat Crunchify.java public class Crunchify { public static void main ( String args [ ] ) { System . out . println ( "\n\nHello there... /n This is an example to create executable .jar file using only commands...\n\n" ) ; } } root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src / package # cd .. root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # mkdir build root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # mkdir build/classes root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # javac -sourcepath src -d build/classes package/Crunchify.java root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # cd package/ root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src / package # cp Crunchify.java ../ root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src / package # cd .. root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # java -classpath build/classes/ Crunchify Hello there . . . / n This is an example to create executable . jar file using only commands . . . root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # echo Main-Class: Crunchify>myManifest root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # jar cfm build/Crunchify.jar myManifest -C build/classes/ . root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # java -jar build/Crunchify.jar Hello there . . . / n This is an example to create executable . jar file using only commands . . . root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src # cd build/ root @ localhost : ~ / crunchify / src / build # ls -ltra total 16 drwxr - xr - x 2 root root 4096 Mar 31 00 : 48 classes drwxr - xr - x 4 root root 4096 Mar 31 00 : 52 . . - rw - r -- r -- 1 root root 830 Mar 31 00 : 52 Crunchify . jar drwxr - xr - x 3 root root 4096 Mar 31 00 : 52 . |
你都准备好了。
如上所示，您在/root/crunchify/src/build文件夹下创建了Crunchify.jar文件。