• Anasayfa
  • Nesne
  • Genel
  • Java'da JUnit test senaryoları oluşturmak için Hamcrest assertThat() Eşleştiricileri nasıl kullanılır – Tam Eğitim

Java'da JUnit test senaryoları oluşturmak için Hamcrest assertThat() Eşleştiricileri nasıl kullanılır – Tam Eğitim

Yayınlanan: 2022-02-05
Java'da JUnit test senaryoları oluşturmak için Hamcrest assertThat() Eşleştiricileri nasıl kullanılır

Hamcrest for testing nasıl kullanılır? Bir süre önce, tüm detayları içeren bir Merhaba Dünya JUnit Makalesi yazdım. Bu eğitimde, Java projeniz için how to use Hamcrest to create JUnit adımların üzerinden geçeceğiz.

Hamcrest, daha okunabilir Java birim testleri oluşturmak için JUnit çerçevesiyle birlikte gelen eşleştiriciler içeren Java için bir testing framework . Bugün denedim ve kesinlikle onu seviyorum.

Çok basit ve eksiksiz belgeler onu mükemmel kılar.

Aşağıdaki sorulardan herhangi birine sahipseniz doğru yerdesiniz:

  • Eclipse kullanarak Java'da JUnit test senaryoları yazma
  • Java'da junit test senaryoları nasıl yazılır
  • Java'da örnek JUnit test durumları
  • Hamcrest Matchers kullanarak JUnit test senaryoları yazma
  • JUnit Testlerinde Assert Yöntemlerine assertThat vs Assert Yöntemlerinin Faydaları
  • hamcrest assertthat() öğretici
  • Hamcrest ile test etme

Başlayalım:

Eclipse'de Java sınıfı CrunchifyHemcrestJUnitTest.java oluşturun. 4 farklı test kategorisi oluşturacağız.

  1. Java List için JUnit test senaryoları oluşturun
  2. Java Haritası için JUnit test çantaları oluşturun
  3. Java Nesnesi için JUnit test senaryoları oluşturun
  4. Null Check için JUnit test çantaları oluşturun

İşte en iyi Hamcrest eşleştiricileri:

  • dır-dir()
  • hasItems()
  • hasSize()
  • içerir()
  • içerirInAnyOrder()

Aşağıdaki öğretici, her zaman geçecek hemen hemen tüm eşleştirici test durumlarını kapsar. Sadece yanlış pozitif ve benzeri oluşturmak için değiştirin.

Projenize aşağıdaki maven bağımlılığını eklemeniz gerekir.

1
2
3
4
5
< dependency >
< groupId > org . hamcrest < / groupId >
< artifactId > hamcrest - all < / artifactId >
< version > 1.3 < / version >
< / dependency >

Bunu pom.xml dosyasına eklemeniz yeterli. pom.xml'i görmüyorsanız, bu öğreticiyi izleyin.

includeinanyorder-hamcrest-java-junit-testi

İşte tam bir Java kodu

Bir sınıfa sağ tıklayın ve Run As -> JUnit Test .

CrunchifyHamcrestJUnitTest.java

Java
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
package crunchify . com . java . tutorials ;
 
import org . hamcrest . collection . IsEmptyCollection ;
import org . hamcrest . collection . IsMapContaining ;
import org . hamcrest . core . IsNull ;
import org . junit . Test ;
 
import java . util . * ;
 
import static org . hamcrest . CoreMatchers . * ;
import static org . hamcrest . MatcherAssert . assertThat ;
import static org . hamcrest . Matchers . hasProperty ;
import static org . hamcrest . collection . IsCollectionWithSize . hasSize ;
import static org . hamcrest . collection . IsIterableContainingInAnyOrder . containsInAnyOrder ;
import static org . hamcrest . collection . IsIterableContainingInOrder . contains ;
 
/**
* @author Crunchify.com
* <p>
* Hamcrest JUnit Tutorials by Crunchify.com
* 1. Create JUnit testcases for Java List
* 2. Create JUnit testcases for Java Map
* 3. Create JUnit testcases for Java Object
* 4. Create JUnit testcases for Null Check
*/
 
public class CrunchifyHamcrestJUnitTest {
// Testcase-1: JUnit for List
@Test
public void crunchifyListJUnitTests ( ) {
// List: An ordered collection (also known as a sequence). The user of this interface has precise control over where in the list each element is inserted.
// The user can access elements by their integer index (position in the list), and search for elements in the list.
List <String> company = Arrays . asList ( "Crunchify.com" , "Google.com" , "Facebook.com" ) ;
// asList(): Returns a fixed-size list backed by the specified array. Changes made to the array will be visible in the returned list,
// and changes made to the list will be visible in the array.
// The returned list is Serializable and implements RandomAccess.
List <String> crunchifyCompany = Arrays . asList ( "Crunchify.com" , "Google.com" , "Facebook.com" ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "\n~~~~~~~~~~~JUnit List Check Test~~~~~~~~~~~" ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "1) assertThat(company, is(crunchifyCompany)) check" ) ;
// A shortcut to the frequently used is(equalTo(x)).
assertThat ( company , is ( crunchifyCompany ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "2) .hasItems() check" ) ;
assertThat ( company , hasItems ( "Crunchify.com" ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "3) .hasSize() check" ) ;
assertThat ( company , hasSize ( 3 ) ) ;
assertThat ( company . size ( ) , is ( 3 ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "4) .contains() and .containsInAnyOrder() check" ) ;
assertThat ( company , contains ( "Crunchify.com" , "Google.com" , "Facebook.com" ) ) ;
assertThat ( company , containsInAnyOrder ( "Google.com" , "Crunchify.com" , "Facebook.com" ) ) ;
// FAIL
// assertThat(company, contains("Google.com", "Crunchify.com", "Facebook.com"));
crunchifyLog ( "5) .empty() check" ) ;
assertThat ( company , not ( IsEmptyCollection . empty ( ) ) ) ;
assertThat ( new ArrayList < > ( ) , IsEmptyCollection . empty ( ) ) ;
}
private void crunchifyLog ( String crunchifyText ) {
System . out . println ( crunchifyText ) ;
}
@Test
public void crunchifyMapJUnitTests ( ) {
Map < String , String > company = new HashMap < > ( ) ;
company . put ( "C" , "Crunchify.com" ) ;
company . put ( "G" , "Google.com" ) ;
company . put ( "F" , "Facebook.com" ) ;
// Map: An object that maps keys to values. A map cannot contain duplicate keys; each key can map to at most one value.
// This interface takes the place of the Dictionary class, which was a totally abstract class rather than an interface.
Map < String , String > crunchifyCompany = new HashMap < > ( ) ;
crunchifyCompany . put ( "C" , "Crunchify.com" ) ;
// put(): Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map (optional operation).
// If the map previously contained a mapping for the key, the old value is replaced by the specified value.
// (A map m is said to contain a mapping for a key k if and only if m.containsKey(k) would return true.)
crunchifyCompany . put ( "G" , "Google.com" ) ;
crunchifyCompany . put ( "F" , "Facebook.com" ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "\n~~~~~~~~~~~ JUnit Map Check Test - All tests will PASS in our example ~~~~~~~~~~~" ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "1) assertThat(company, is(crunchifyCompany) check" ) ;
assertThat ( company , is ( crunchifyCompany ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "2) assertThat(company.size(), is(3)) check" ) ;
assertThat ( company . size ( ) , is ( 3 ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "3) .hasEntry() check which creates a matcher for Maps matching at least one entry whose key equals the specified key & value." ) ;
assertThat ( company , IsMapContaining . hasEntry ( "C" , "Crunchify.com" ) ) ;
assertThat ( company , not ( IsMapContaining . hasEntry ( "G" , "Twitter.com" ) ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "4) .hasKey() creates a matcher for Maps matching at least one key that is equal to the specified key." ) ;
assertThat ( company , IsMapContaining . hasKey ( "F" ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "5) .hasValue() creates a matcher for Maps matching at least one key that is equal to the specified value." ) ;
assertThat ( company , IsMapContaining . hasValue ( "Crunchify.com" ) ) ;
}
@SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" )
@Test
public void crunchifyObjectJUnitTests ( ) {
List <Company> list = Arrays . asList ( new Company ( "Crunchify" , 10 ) , new Company ( "Google" , 30000 ) ) ;
assertThat ( list , hasItems ( new Company ( "Crunchify" , 10 ) , new Company ( "Google" , 30000 ) ) ) ;
assertThat ( list , containsInAnyOrder ( new Company ( "Google" , 30000 ) , new Company ( "Crunchify" , 10 ) ) ) ;
assertThat ( list , containsInAnyOrder ( hasProperty ( "name" , is ( "Google" ) ) , hasProperty ( "name" , is ( "Crunchify" ) ) ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "\n~~~~~~~~~~~ JUnit Object Check Test Completed ~~~~~~~~~~~" ) ;
}
// Create Company Object
public static class Company {
public Company ( String name , int employeeCount ) {
this . name = name ;
this . employeeCount = employeeCount ;
}
private String name ;
private int employeeCount ;
public int getEmployeeCount ( ) {
return employeeCount ;
}
public void setEmployeeCount ( int employeeCount ) {
this . employeeCount = employeeCount ;
}
public String getName ( ) {
return name ;
}
public void setName ( String name ) {
this . name = name ;
}
// Test equal, override equals() and hashCode()
@Override
public boolean equals ( Object c ) {
if ( this == c )
return true ;
if ( c == null | | getClass ( ) ! = c . getClass ( ) )
return false ;
Company fruit = ( Company ) c ;
return employeeCount == fruit . employeeCount && Objects.equals(name, fruit.name);
}
@Override
public int hashCode ( ) {
return Objects . hash ( name , employeeCount ) ;
}
}
@Test
public void crunchifyNullCheckJUnitTest ( ) {
// Two ways to check isNull
assertThat ( null , is ( nullValue ( ) ) ) ;
assertThat ( null , is ( IsNull . nullValue ( ) ) ) ;
// Two ways to check isNotNull
assertThat ( "crunchify" , is ( notNullValue ( ) ) ) ;
assertThat ( "crunchify" , is ( IsNull . notNullValue ( ) ) ) ;
crunchifyLog ( "\n~~~~~~~~~~~ JUnit Null Check Test Completed ~~~~~~~~~~~" ) ;
}
}

Eclipse konsol çıktısı:

Sadece yukarıdaki programı bir Java Uygulaması olarak çalıştırın ve aşağıdaki gibi bir sonuç görmelisiniz.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ JUnit Object Check Test Completed ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
 
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ JUnit Null Check Test Completed ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
 
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ JUnit List Check Test ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
1 ) assertThat ( company , is ( crunchifyCompany ) ) check
2 ) . hasItems ( ) check
3 ) . hasSize ( ) check
 
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ JUnit List Check Test ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
1 ) assertThat ( company , is ( crunchifyCompany ) ) check
2 ) . hasItems ( ) check
3 ) . hasSize ( ) check
4 ) . contains ( ) and . containsInAnyOrder ( ) check
5 ) . empty ( ) check
 
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ JUnit Map Check Test - All tests will PASS in our example ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
1 ) assertThat ( company , is ( crunchifyCompany ) check
2 ) assertThat ( company . size ( ) , is ( 3 ) ) check
3 ) . hasEntry ( ) check which creates a matcher for Maps matching at least one entry whose key equals the specified key & value .
4 ) . hasKey ( ) creates a matcher for Maps matching at least one key that is equal to the specified key .
5 ) . hasValue ( ) creates a matcher for Maps matching at least one key that is equal to the specified value .
 
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ JUnit Object Check Test Completed ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
 
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ JUnit Null Check Test Completed ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
 
Process finished with exit code 0
hamcrest-java-junit-test-sonucu

Yukarıdaki programı çalıştırırken herhangi bir sorunla karşılaşırsanız bize bildirin.