Jak zainstalować i skonfigurować Filebeat? Lekki program do przesyłania dzienników dla środowiska deweloperskiego/produkcyjnego

Opublikowany: 2020-05-03

Jak zainstalować i skonfigurować Filebeat — Lightweight Log Forwarder

Przez ostatnie kilka lat bawiłem się Filebeat – to jeden z najlepszych lightweight forwarderów logów/danych dla Twojej aplikacji produkcyjnej.

Rozważ scenariusz, w którym musisz przesłać logi z jednej lokalizacji klienta do centralnej lokalizacji w celu analizy. Splunk jest jedną z alternatyw dla dzienników przesyłania dalej, ale jest zbyt kosztowny. Moim zdaniem to zbyt kosztowne.

W tym miejscu pojawia się Filebeat. Jest bardzo lekki, prosty, łatwy w konfiguracji, zużywa mniej pamięci i jest zbyt wydajny. Filebeat jest produktem Elastic.co .

Jest solidny i nie traci rytmu. guarantees delivery of logs .

Jest gotowy na wszystkie rodzaje kontenerów:

Kubernetes
Doker

Za pomocą jednego prostego polecenia liniowego Filebeat obsługuje zbieranie, analizowanie i wizualizację dzienników z dowolnego z poniższych środowisk:

Apache
NGINX
System
MySQL
Apache2
Audytd
Elastyczne wyszukiwanie
haproxy
Lodówka
IIS
Iptables
Kafka
Kibana
Logstash
MongoDB
Osquery
PostgreSQL
Redis
Suricata
Traefik
I więcej…

Jeden z najlepszych dostawców lekkich plików dziennika

Filebeat jest dostarczany z wewnętrznymi modułami (auditd, Apache, NGINX, System, MySQL i nie tylko), które upraszczają zbieranie, analizowanie i wizualizację popularnych formatów dzienników do jednego polecenia.

Jak zainstalować Filebeat w środowisku Linux?

Jeśli masz jakiekolwiek z poniższych pytań, jesteś we właściwym miejscu:

Pierwsze kroki z Filebeat
Samouczek Filebeat: Pierwsze kroki
Zainstaluj, skonfiguruj i używaj FileBeat – Elasticsearch
Przykład instalacji i konfiguracji Filebeat
Jak zainstalować Elasticsearch, Logstash?
Jak zainstalować Elastic Stack na Ubuntu?

Krok-1) Instalacja

Pobierz i rozpakuj plik binarny Filebeat za pomocą poniższego polecenia.

Środowisko Linux:

root @ localhost : ~ # curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-6.7.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current

Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed

100 11.1M 100 11.1M 0 0 13.2M 0 -- : -- : -- -- : -- : -- -- : -- : -- 13.2M

root @ localhost : ~ # tar xzvf filebeat-6.7.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

root @ localhost : ~ # cd filebeat-6.7.0-linux-x86_64/

root @ localhost : ~ / filebeat - 6.7.0 - linux - x86_64 # pwd

/ root / filebeat - 6.7.0 - linux - x86_64

root @ localhost : ~ / filebeat - 6.7.0 - linux - x86_64 # ls -ltra

total 36720

- rw - r -- r -- 1 root root 13675 Mar 21 14 : 30 LICENSE . txt

- rw - r -- r -- 1 root root 163444 Mar 21 14 : 30 NOTICE . txt

drwxr - xr - x 4 root root 4096 Mar 21 14 : 31 kibana

drwxr - xr - x 2 root root 4096 Mar 21 14 : 33 modules . d

drwxr - xr - x 21 root root 4096 Mar 21 14 : 33 module

- rw - r -- r -- 1 root root 146747 Mar 21 14 : 33 fields . yml

- rw ------- 1 root root 7714 Mar 21 14 : 33 filebeat . yml

- rw - r -- r -- 1 root root 69996 Mar 21 14 : 33 filebeat . reference . yml

- rwxr - xr - x 1 root root 37161549 Mar 21 14 : 34 filebeat

- rw - r -- r -- 1 root root 802 Mar 21 14 : 35 README . md

- rw - r -- r -- 1 root root 41 Mar 21 14 : 35 . build_hash . txt

drwx ------ 9 root root 4096 Mar 30 13 : 46 . .

drwxr - xr - x 5 root root 4096 Mar 30 13 : 46 .

Pobierz na Maca:

1 2	curl - L - O https : //artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-6.7.0-darwin-x86_64.tar.gz tar xzvf filebeat - 6.7.0 - darwin - x86_64 . tar . gz

Pobieranie RPM:

1 2	curl - L - O https : //artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-6.7.0-x86_64.rpm sudo rpm - vi filebeat - 6.7.0 - x86_64 . rpm

Krok-2) Skonfiguruj plik konfiguracyjny filebeat.yml

Zamówienie filebeat.yml pliku. Jest to plik konfiguracyjny filebeat.

Oto prosta zawartość pliku.

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root @ localhost : ~ / filebeat - 6.7.0 - linux - x86_64 # cat filebeat.yml

###################### Filebeat Configuration Example #########################

# This file is an example configuration file highlighting only the most common

# options. The filebeat.reference.yml file from the same directory contains all the

# supported options with more comments. You can use it as a reference.

# You can find the full configuration reference here:

# https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/beats/filebeat/index.html

# For more available modules and options, please see the filebeat.reference.yml sample

# configuration file.

#=========================== Filebeat inputs =============================

filebeat . inputs :

# Each - is an input. Most options can be set at the input level, so

# you can use different inputs for various configurations.

# Below are the input specific configurations.

- type : log

# Change to true to enable this input configuration.

enabled : false

# Paths that should be crawled and fetched. Glob based paths.

paths :

- / var / log /* . log

#- c:\programdata\elasticsearch\logs\*

# Exclude lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It drops the lines that are

# matching any regular expression from the list.

#exclude_lines: ['^DBG']

# Include lines. A list of regular expressions to match. It exports the lines that are

# matching any regular expression from the list.

#include_lines: ['^ERR', '^WARN']

# Exclude files. A list of regular expressions to match. Filebeat drops the files that

# are matching any regular expression from the list. By default, no files are dropped.

#exclude_files: ['.gz$']

# Optional additional fields. These fields can be freely picked

# to add additional information to the crawled log files for filtering

#fields:

# level: debug

# review: 1

### Multiline options

# Multiline can be used for log messages spanning multiple lines. This is common

# for Java Stack Traces or C-Line Continuation

# The regexp Pattern that has to be matched. The example pattern matches all lines starting with [

#multiline.pattern: ^\[

# Defines if the pattern set under pattern should be negated or not. Default is false.

#multiline.negate: false

# Match can be set to "after" or "before". It is used to define if lines should be append to a pattern

# that was (not) matched before or after or as long as a pattern is not matched based on negate.

# Note: After is the equivalent to previous and before is the equivalent to to next in Logstash

#multiline.match: after

#============================= Filebeat modules ===============================

filebeat . config . modules :

# Glob pattern for configuration loading

path : $ { path . config } / modules . d /* . yml

# Set to true to enable config reloading

reload . enabled : false

# Period on which files under path should be checked for changes

#reload.period: 10s

#==================== Elasticsearch template setting ==========================

setup . template . settings :

index . number_of_shards : 3

#index.codec: best_compression

#_source.enabled: false

#================================ General =====================================

# The name of the shipper that publishes the network data. It can be used to group

# all the transactions sent by a single shipper in the web interface.

#name:

# The tags of the shipper are included in their own field with each

# transaction published.

#tags: ["service-X", "web-tier"]

# Optional fields that you can specify to add additional information to the

# output.

#fields:

# env: staging

#============================== Dashboards =====================================

# These settings control loading the sample dashboards to the Kibana index. Loading

# the dashboards is disabled by default and can be enabled either by setting the

# options here, or by using the `-setup` CLI flag or the `setup` command.

#setup.dashboards.enabled: false

# The URL from where to download the dashboards archive. By default this URL

# has a value which is computed based on the Beat name and version. For released

# versions, this URL points to the dashboard archive on the artifacts.elastic.co

# website.

#setup.dashboards.url:

#============================== Kibana =====================================

# Starting with Beats version 6.0.0, the dashboards are loaded via the Kibana API.

# This requires a Kibana endpoint configuration.

setup . kibana :

# Kibana Host

# Scheme and port can be left out and will be set to the default (http and 5601)

# In case you specify and additional path, the scheme is required: http://localhost:5601/path

# IPv6 addresses should always be defined as: https://[2001:db8::1]:5601

#host: "localhost:5601"

# Kibana Space ID

# ID of the Kibana Space into which the dashboards should be loaded. By default,

# the Default Space will be used.

#space.id:

#============================= Elastic Cloud ==================================

# These settings simplify using filebeat with the Elastic Cloud (https://cloud.elastic.co/).

# The cloud.id setting overwrites the `output.elasticsearch.hosts` and

# `setup.kibana.host` options.

# You can find the `cloud.id` in the Elastic Cloud web UI.

#cloud.id:

# The cloud.auth setting overwrites the `output.elasticsearch.username` and

# `output.elasticsearch.password` settings. The format is `<user>:<pass>`.

#cloud.auth:

#================================ Outputs =====================================

# Configure what output to use when sending the data collected by the beat.

#-------------------------- Elasticsearch output ------------------------------

output . elasticsearch :

# Array of hosts to connect to.

hosts : [ "localhost:9200" ]

# Enabled ilm (beta) to use index lifecycle management instead daily indices.

#ilm.enabled: false

# Optional protocol and basic auth credentials.

#protocol: "https"

#username: "elastic"

#password: "changeme"

#----------------------------- Logstash output --------------------------------

#output.logstash:

# The Logstash hosts

#hosts: ["localhost:5044"]

# Optional SSL. By default is off.

# List of root certificates for HTTPS server verifications

#ssl.certificate_authorities: ["/etc/pki/root/ca.pem"]

# Certificate for SSL client authentication

#ssl.certificate: "/etc/pki/client/cert.pem"

# Client Certificate Key

#ssl.key: "/etc/pki/client/cert.key"

#================================ Processors =====================================

# Configure processors to enhance or manipulate events generated by the beat.

processors :

- add_host_metadata : ~

- add_cloud_metadata : ~

#================================ Logging =====================================

# Sets log level. The default log level is info.

# Available log levels are: error, warning, info, debug

#logging.level: debug

# At debug level, you can selectively enable logging only for some components.

# To enable all selectors use ["*"]. Examples of other selectors are "beat",

# "publish", "service".

#logging.selectors: ["*"]

#============================== Xpack Monitoring ===============================

# filebeat can export internal metrics to a central Elasticsearch monitoring

# cluster. This requires xpack monitoring to be enabled in Elasticsearch. The

# reporting is disabled by default.

# Set to true to enable the monitoring reporter.

#xpack.monitoring.enabled: false

# Uncomment to send the metrics to Elasticsearch. Most settings from the

# Elasticsearch output are accepted here as well. Any setting that is not set is

# automatically inherited from the Elasticsearch output configuration, so if you

# have the Elasticsearch output configured, you can simply uncomment the

# following line.

#xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch:

Otwórz plik filebeat.yml i skonfiguruj lokalizację pliku dziennika:

Otwórz plik filebeat.yml i ustaw lokalizację pliku dziennika

Krok-3) Wyślij dziennik do ElasticSearch

Upewnij się, że uruchomiłeś ElasticSearch lokalnie przed uruchomieniem Filebeat. Później opublikuję artykuł o how to install and run ElasticSearch lokalnie za pomocą prostych kroków.

Oto konfiguracja pliku filebeat.yml dla ElasticSearch.

ElasticSearch działa na porcie 9200.

output . elasticsearch :

# Array of hosts to connect to.

hosts : [ "localhost:9200" ]

I wszystko gotowe.

Krok-4) Uruchom Filebeat

1 2	bash - 3.2 $ sudo chown root filebeat . yml bash - 3.2 $ sudo . / filebeat - e

Wykonaj powyższe dwie komendy z katalogu głównego filebeat i powinieneś zobaczyć logi startowe filebeat jak poniżej.

root @ localhost : / user / crunchify / filebeat - 6.6.2 - linux - x86_64 # sudo chown root filebeat.yml

root @ localhost : / user / crunchify / filebeat - 6.6.2 - linux - x86_64 # sudo ./filebeat -e

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.608Z INFO instance / beat . go : 616 Home path : [ / user / crunchify / filebeat - 6.6.2 - linux - x86_64 ] Config path : [ / user / crunchify / filebeat - 6.6.2 - linux - x86_64 ] Data path : [ / user / crunchify / filebeat - 6.6.2 - linux - x86_64 / data ] Logs path : [ / user / crunchify / filebeat - 6.6.2 - linux - x86_64 / logs ]

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.608Z INFO instance / beat . go : 623 Beat UUID : da7e202d - d480 - 42df - 907a - 1073b19c8e2d

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.609Z INFO [ seccomp ] seccomp / seccomp . go : 116 Syscall filter successfully installed

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.609Z INFO [ beat ] instance / beat . go : 936 Beat info { "system_info" : { "beat" : { "path" : { "config" : "/user/crunchify/filebeat-6.6.2-linux-x86_64" , "data" : "/user/crunchify/filebeat-6.6.2-linux-x86_64/data" , "home" : "/user/crunchify/filebeat-6.6.2-linux-x86_64" , "logs" : "/user/crunchify/filebeat-6.6.2-linux-x86_64/logs" } , "type" : "filebeat" , "uuid" : "da7e202d-d480-42df-907a-1073b19c8e2d" } } }

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.609Z INFO [ beat ] instance / beat . go : 945 Build info { "system_info" : { "build" : { "commit" : "1eea934ce81be553337f2828bd12131896fea8e4" , "libbeat" : "6.6.2" , "time" : "2019-03-06T14:17:59.000Z" , "version" : "6.6.2" } } }

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.609Z INFO [ beat ] instance / beat . go : 948 Go runtime info { "system_info" : { "go" : { "os" : "linux" , "arch" : "amd64" , "max_procs" : 2 , "version" : "go1.10.8" } } }

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.611Z INFO [ beat ] instance / beat . go : 952 Host info { "system_info" : { "host" : { "architecture" : "x86_64" , "boot_time" : "2019-01-15T18:44:58Z" , "containerized" : false , "name" : "localhost" , "ip" : [ "127.0.0.1/8" , "::1/128" , "50.116.13.161/24" , "192.168.177.126/17" , "2600:3c01::f03c:91ff:fe17:4534/64" , "fe80::f03c:91ff:fe17:4534/64" ] , "kernel_version" : "4.18.0-13-generic" , "mac" : [ "f2:3c:91:17:45:34" ] , "os" : { "family" : "debian" , "platform" : "ubuntu" , "name" : "Ubuntu" , "version" : "18.10 (Cosmic Cuttlefish)" , "major" : 18 , "minor" : 10 , "patch" : 0 , "codename" : "cosmic" } , "timezone" : "UTC" , "timezone_offset_sec" : 0 , "id" : "1182104d1089460dbcc0c94ff1954c8c" } } }

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.611Z INFO [ beat ] instance / beat . go : 981 Process info { "system_info" : { "process" : { "capabilities" : { "inheritable" : null , "permitted" : [ "chown" , "dac_override" , "dac_read_search" , "fowner" , "fsetid" , "kill" , "setgid" , "setuid" , "setpcap" , "linux_immutable" , "net_bind_service" , "net_broadcast" , "net_admin" , "net_raw" , "ipc_lock" , "ipc_owner" , "sys_module" , "sys_rawio" , "sys_chroot" , "sys_ptrace" , "sys_pacct" , "sys_admin" , "sys_boot" , "sys_nice" , "sys_resource" , "sys_time" , "sys_tty_config" , "mknod" , "lease" , "audit_write" , "audit_control" , "setfcap" , "mac_override" , "mac_admin" , "syslog" , "wake_alarm" , "block_suspend" , "audit_read" ] , "effective" : [ "chown" , "dac_override" , "dac_read_search" , "fowner" , "fsetid" , "kill" , "setgid" , "setuid" , "setpcap" , "linux_immutable" , "net_bind_service" , "net_broadcast" , "net_admin" , "net_raw" , "ipc_lock" , "ipc_owner" , "sys_module" , "sys_rawio" , "sys_chroot" , "sys_ptrace" , "sys_pacct" , "sys_admin" , "sys_boot" , "sys_nice" , "sys_resource" , "sys_time" , "sys_tty_config" , "mknod" , "lease" , "audit_write" , "audit_control" , "setfcap" , "mac_override" , "mac_admin" , "syslog" , "wake_alarm" , "block_suspend" , "audit_read" ] , "bounding" : [ "chown" , "dac_override" , "dac_read_search" , "fowner" , "fsetid" , "kill" , "setgid" , "setuid" , "setpcap" , "linux_immutable" , "net_bind_service" , "net_broadcast" , "net_admin" , "net_raw" , "ipc_lock" , "ipc_owner" , "sys_module" , "sys_rawio" , "sys_chroot" , "sys_ptrace" , "sys_pacct" , "sys_admin" , "sys_boot" , "sys_nice" , "sys_resource" , "sys_time" , "sys_tty_config" , "mknod" , "lease" , "audit_write" , "audit_control" , "setfcap" , "mac_override" , "mac_admin" , "syslog" , "wake_alarm" , "block_suspend" , "audit_read" ] , "ambient" : null } , "cwd" : "/user/crunchify/filebeat-6.6.2-linux-x86_64" , "exe" : "/user/crunchify/filebeat-6.6.2-linux-x86_64/filebeat" , "name" : "filebeat" , "pid" : 20394 , "ppid" : 20393 , "seccomp" : { "mode" : "filter" , "no_new_privs" : true } , "start_time" : "2019-03-30T14:52:01.740Z" } } }

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 02.611Z INFO instance / beat . go : 281 Setup Beat : filebeat ; Version : 6.6.2

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.613Z INFO add_cloud_metadata / add_cloud_metadata . go : 319 add_cloud_metadata : hosting provider type not detected .

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.614Z INFO elasticsearch / client . go : 165 Elasticsearch url : http : //localhost:9200

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.615Z INFO [ publisher ] pipeline / module . go : 110 Beat name : localhost

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.615Z INFO instance / beat . go : 403 filebeat start running .

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.615Z INFO registrar / registrar . go : 134 Loading registrar data from / user / crunchify / filebeat - 6.6.2 - linux - x86_64 / data / registry

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.615Z INFO [ monitoring ] log / log . go : 117 Starting metrics logging every 30s

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.616Z INFO registrar / registrar . go : 141 States Loaded from registrar : 0

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.616Z INFO crawler / crawler . go : 72 Loading Inputs : 1

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.616Z INFO log / input . go : 138 Configured paths : [ / crunchify / tutorials / log / crunchify - filebeat - test . log ]

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.616Z INFO input / input . go : 114 Starting input of type : log ; ID : 7740765267175828127

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.617Z INFO crawler / crawler . go : 106 Loading and starting Inputs completed . Enabled inputs : 1

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.617Z INFO cfgfile / reload . go : 150 Config reloader started

2019 - 03 - 30T14 : 52 : 05.617Z INFO cfgfile / reload . go : 205 Loading of config files completed .

Krok-5) Wynik

Następnym krokiem jest sprawdzenie, które logi trafiają do Elastic Search i jak wizualizujesz. Wkrótce omówimy szczegółowy samouczek na ten temat. Bądźcie czujni.

Co dalej? Skonfiguruj elastyczne wyszukiwanie

Jak zainstalować i skonfigurować Elasticsearch w środowisku deweloperskim/produkcyjnym?