Méthodes clone(), putIfAbsent(), computeIfAbsent(), computeIfPresent() de HashMap en Java (exemples)
Publié: 2021-05-11
Dans ce didacticiel Java, nous verrons en détail comment utiliser les méthodes ci-dessous de HashMap :
- cloner()
- putIfAbsent(touche K, valeur V)
- computeIfAbsent(touche K, java.util.function.Function mappingFunction)
- computeIfPresent(touche K, java.util.function.
BiFunction
)
hashMap.clone() :
Renvoie une copie superficielle de cette instance de HashMap : les clés et les valeurs elles-mêmes ne sont pas clonées.
hashMap.putIfAbsent() :
Si la clé spécifiée n'est pas déjà associée à une valeur (ou est mappée sur null), l'associe à la valeur donnée et renvoie null, sinon renvoie la valeur actuelle.
hashMap.computeIfAbsent() :
Si la clé spécifiée n'est pas déjà associée à une valeur (ou est mappée sur null), tente de calculer sa valeur à l'aide de la fonction de mappage donnée et l'entre dans cette carte sauf si null.
hashMap.computeIfPresent() :
Si la valeur de la clé spécifiée est présente et non nulle, tente de calculer un nouveau mappage en fonction de la clé et de sa valeur mappée actuelle.
Commençons:
- Créer la classe Java
CrunchifyCloneHashmap
.java - Mettez-y le code ci-dessous
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package crunchify . com . java . tutorials ; import java . util . HashMap ; /** * @author Crunchify.com * HashMap's clone(), putIfAbsent(), computeIfAbsent(), computeIfPresent() Methods in Java (Example attached) */ public class CrunchifyCloneHashmap { public static void main ( String [ ] args ) { // Create our first Hashmap crunchifyHashMap HashMap < String , Integer > crunchifyHashMap = new HashMap < > ( ) ; // Add elements to HashMap crunchifyHashMap crunchifyHashMap . put ( "Crunchify" , 11 ) ; crunchifyHashMap . put ( "Apple" , 12 ) ; crunchifyHashMap . put ( "Twitter" , 13 ) ; crunchifyHashMap . put ( "Facebook" , 14 ) ; crunchifyHashMap . put ( "Chase" , 15 ) ; crunchifyPrint ( "crunchifyHashMap Details: " + crunchifyHashMap ) ; HashMap < String , Integer > crunchifyHashMapNew ; // Returns a shallow copy of this HashMap instance: the keys and values themselves are not cloned. crunchifyHashMapNew = ( HashMap < String , Integer > ) crunchifyHashMap . clone ( ) ; // If the specified key is not already associated with a value (or is mapped to null) associates it with the given value and returns null, else returns the current value. crunchifyHashMapNew . putIfAbsent ( "Crunchify" , 16 ) ; crunchifyHashMapNew . putIfAbsent ( "Google" , 17 ) ; crunchifyHashMapNew . put ( "WordPress" , 18 ) ; // If the specified key is not already associated with a value (or is mapped to null), attempts to compute its value using the given mapping function and enters it into this map unless null. //If the mapping function returns null, no mapping is recorded. If the mapping function itself throws an (unchecked) exception, the exception is rethrown, and no mapping is recorded. The most common usage is to construct a new object serving as an initial mapped value or memoized result, as in: // // map.computeIfAbsent(key, k -> new Value(f(k))); // //Or to implement a multi-value map, Map<K,Collection<V>>, supporting multiple values per key: // // map.computeIfAbsent(key, k -> new HashSet<V>()).add(v); crunchifyHashMapNew . computeIfAbsent ( "Paypal" , k - > 100 + 200 ) ; // If the value for the specified key is present and non-null, attempts to compute a new mapping given the key and its current mapped value. //If the remapping function returns null, the mapping is removed. If the remapping function itself throws an (unchecked) exception, the exception is rethrown, and the current mapping is left unchanged. //The remapping function should not modify this map during computation. //This method will, on a best-effort basis, throw a ConcurrentModificationException if it is detected that the remapping function modifies this map during computation. crunchifyHashMapNew . computeIfPresent ( "Crunchify" , ( key , val ) - > 300 ) ; crunchifyPrint ( "crunchifyHashMapNew Details: " + crunchifyHashMapNew ) ; // Returns a Set view of the keys contained in this map. The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are reflected in the set, and vice-versa. If the map is modified while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through the iterator's own remove operation), // the results of the iteration are undefined. The set supports element removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, via // the Iterator.remove, Set.remove, removeAll, retainAll, and clear operations. It does not support the add or addAll operations. crunchifyPrint ( "crunchifyHashMap keyset(): " + crunchifyHashMap . keySet ( ) ) ; crunchifyPrint ( "crunchifyHashMapNew keyset(): " + crunchifyHashMapNew . keySet ( ) ) ; // Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map. crunchifyPrint ( "crunchifyHashMap size(): " + crunchifyHashMap . size ( ) ) ; crunchifyPrint ( "crunchifyHashMapNew size(): " + crunchifyHashMapNew . size ( ) ) ; } private static void crunchifyPrint ( String crunchifyString ) { System . out . println ( "===> " + crunchifyString + "\n" ) ; } } |
Dans le code Java ci-dessus, vous ne verrez pas crunchifyHashMapNew.putIfAbsent("Crunchify", 16); ajouté au nouveau HashMap.

Exécutez simplement le programme ci-dessus en tant qu'application Java dans Eclipse IDE ou IntelliJ IDEA.
Vous devriez voir un résultat de console similaire à celui-ci :
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/ Library / Java / JavaVirtualMachines / jdk - 15.jdk / Contents / Home / bin / java - javaagent : / Applications / IntelliJ 5.1.3.RELEASE.jar crunchify . com . java . tutorials . CrunchifyCloneHashmap === > crunchifyHashMap Details : { Apple = 12 , Twitter = 13 , Facebook = 14 , Crunchify = 11 , Chase = 15 } === > crunchifyHashMapNew Details : { Paypal = 300 , Google = 17 , Apple = 12 , WordPress = 18 , Twitter = 13 , Facebook = 14 , Crunchify = 300 , Chase = 15 } === > crunchifyHashMap keyset ( ) : [ Apple , Twitter , Facebook , Crunchify , Chase ] === > crunchifyHashMapNew keyset ( ) : [ Paypal , Google , Apple , WordPress , Twitter , Facebook , Crunchify , Chase ] === > crunchifyHashMap size ( ) : 5 === > crunchifyHashMapNew size ( ) : 8 Process finished with exit code 0 |

Faites-moi savoir si vous rencontrez un problème lors de l'exécution du code.