在 Java 中，如何使用 PosixFilePermission 對文件設置文件權限？ 了解 chmod 命令
已發表: 2021-06-28
如何在 Java 中設置文件權限？ 這是在任何提供的文件上設置文件權限的簡單示例。
如果您是任何公司的運營業務部門的一員，那麼自動化部署工作流程、分析工作流程等就非常重要。
有時，如果您嘗試執行某些命令並且以某種方式對於給定文件您無權執行腳本文件，則您的 Java 程序會異常退出。
在我們的例子中，它是Crunchify.sh文件。
這是一個簡單的 Java 程序，它展示瞭如何在任何給定文件上設置文件權限。
CrunchifySetFilePermission.java
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package crunchify . com . java . tutorials ; import java . io . IOException ; import java . nio . file . Files ; import java . nio . file . Paths ; import java . nio . file . attribute . PosixFilePermission ; import java . util . HashSet ; import java . util . Set ; import java . io . File ; /** * @author Crunchify.com * In Java how to Set File Permission on a File using PosixFilePermission? Understanding chmod command. */ public class CrunchifySetFilePermission { public static void main ( String [ ] args ) { // File class: An abstract representation of file and directory pathnames. // User interfaces and operating systems use system-dependent pathname strings to name files and directories. // This class presents an abstract, system-independent view of hierarchical pathnames. File file = new File ( "/Users/app/Download/crunchify.txt" ) ; /* -------------------------- Set Permission: 455 ----------------------- */ // A convenience method to set the owner's execute permission for this abstract pathname. // On some platforms it may be possible to start the Java virtual machine with special privileges that allow it to execute files that are not marked executable. file . setExecutable ( false ) ; // public boolean setExecutable(boolean executable) // A convenience method to set the owner's read permission for this abstract pathname. // On some platforms it may be possible to start the Java virtual machine with special privileges that allow it to read files that are marked as unreadable. file . setReadable ( false ) ; // A convenience method to set the owner's write permission for this abstract pathname. // On some platforms it may be possible to start the Java virtual machine with special privileges that allow it to modify files that disallow write operations. file . setWritable ( true ) ; /* -------------------------- Set Permission: 777 ----------------------- */ // public boolean setExecutable(boolean executable, boolean ownerOnly) file . setExecutable ( true , false ) ; file . setReadable ( true , false ) ; file . setWritable ( true , false ) ; // using PosixFilePermission to set file permissions 777. PosixFilePermission - defines the bits for use with the permissions attribute. // The PosixFilePermissions class defines methods for manipulating set of permissions // HashSet: Constructs a new, empty set; the backing HashMap instance has default initial capacity (16) and load factor (0.75). Set < PosixFilePermission > crunchifyPermissions = new HashSet < PosixFilePermission > ( ) ; // add() Adds the specified element to this set if it is not already present (optional operation). // More formally, adds the specified element e to this set if the set contains no element e2 such that Objects.equals(e, e2). // If this set already contains the element, the call leaves the set unchanged and returns false. // In combination with the restriction on constructors, this ensures that sets never contain duplicate elements. /* -------------------------- OWNER Permissions ----------------------- */ // Read permission, owner. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . OWNER_READ ) ; // Write permission, owner. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . OWNER_WRITE ) ; // Execute/search permission, owner. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . OWNER_EXECUTE ) ; /* -------------------------- GROUP Permissions ----------------------- */ // PosixFilePermission: Defines the bits for use with the permissions attribute. // The PosixFilePermissions class defines methods for manipulating set of permissions. // Read permission, group. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . GROUP_READ ) ; // Write permission, group. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . GROUP_WRITE ) ; // Execute/search permission, group. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . GROUP_EXECUTE ) ; /* -------------------------- OTHERS Permissions ----------------------- */ // Read permission, others. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . OTHERS_READ ) ; // Write permission, others. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . OTHERS_WRITE ) ; // Execute/search permission, others. crunchifyPermissions . add ( PosixFilePermission . OTHERS_EXECUTE ) ; try { // Sets a file's POSIX permissions. // The path parameter is associated with a FileSystem that supports the PosixFileAttributeView. This attribute view provides access to file // attributes commonly associated with files on file systems used by operating systems that implement the Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) family of standards. Files . setPosixFilePermissions ( Paths . get ( "/Users/app/Download/crunchify.sh" ) , crunchifyPermissions ) ; // Paths: This class consists exclusively of static methods that return a Path by converting a path string or URI. System . out . println ( "File permission set successfully..." ) ; } catch ( IOException e ) { // Signals that an I/O exception of some sort has occurred. This class is the general class of exceptions produced by failed or interrupted I/O operations. e . printStackTrace ( ) ; } } } |
只需在 Java 程序上運行，您應該會看到文件 Crunchify.sh 的權限，如下所示。
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- rwxrwxrwx 1 crunchify crunchify 65 Jun 23 14 : 42 crunchify . sh |
如果您刪除或註釋掉以下 3 個文件，那麼它將更改權限，如下所示：
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// crunchifyPermissions.add(PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_READ); // crunchifyPermissions.add(PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_WRITE); // crunchifyPermissions.add(PosixFilePermission.OTHERS_EXECUTE); |
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- rwxrwx --- 1 crunchify crunchify 65 Jun 23 14 : 42 crunchify . sh |
讓我們了解 Linux 文件權限：
以下是所有權限的列表：
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